The Indian Technical and Economic Cooperation (ITEC) programme was launched on 15th September, 1964 as a bilateral programme of assistance of the Government of India. It is the flagship programme of the Indian Goverment's technical cooperation effort, not only because of its wide geographical coverage but also for innovative forms of technical cooperation. Being essentially bilateral in nature, ITEC is about cooperation and partnership for mutual benefit. It is demand-driven and response-oriented. It is focused on addressing the needs of developing countries.

Under ITEC and its corollary SCAAP (Special Commonwealth Assistance for Africa Programme), 158 countries in Asia & the Pacific, Africa, Latin America & the Caribbean and East & Central Europe are invited to share in the Indian development experience, acquired since its Independence. It has six components, viz. (i) Training (civilian and defence) in India of nominees from ITEC partner countries; (ii) Projects and project related activities such as feasibility studies and consultancy services; (iii) Deputation of Indian experts abroad; (iv) Study tours; (v) Gifting/Donation of equipment; and (vi) Aid for Disaster Relief. The training programmes have contributed to capacity building and human resource development in many parts of the world. The ITEC/SCAAP programme is a visible symbol of India's role and contribution to South-South Cooperation.